/Emmerich, 1998/:
TQM is not a specific and pre-defined methodology for process improvement. It is a generic paradigm that guides organisation in focusing on quality. Its tenets are that quality is not only related to the product, but also to the organisation and to the production process that is carried out. Process improvement can be carried out by performing big improvement steps followed by long periods in which no change is done (Western approach) or by performing many little steps (Japanese approach: Kaizen).